`dumpsys`is a tool that runs on Android devices and provides information about system services. Call`dumpsys`from the command line using the[Android Debug Bridge (ADB)](https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb)to get diagnostic output for all system services running on a connected device.

This output is typically more verbose than you want, so use the[command-line options](https://developer.android.com/tools/dumpsys#options)on this page to get output for only the system services you want. This page also describes how to use`dumpsys`to accomplish common tasks, such as inspecting input, RAM, battery, or network diagnostics.

## Syntax

The general syntax for using`dumpsys`is as follows:  

```
 adb shell dumpsys [-t timeout] [--help | -l | --skip services | service [arguments] | -c | -h]
```

To get a diagnostic output for all system services for your connected device, run`adb shell dumpsys`. However, this outputs far more information than you would typically want. For more manageable output, specify the service you want to examine by including it in the command. For example, the command below provides system data for input components, such as touch screens or built-in keyboards:  

    adb shell dumpsys input

For a complete list of system services that you can use with`dumpsys`, use the following command:  

    adb shell dumpsys -l

### Command-line options

The following table lists the available options when using`dumpsys`:

**Table 1.**List of available options for dumpsys

|                                   Option                                    |                                                                                                                              Description                                                                                                                              |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `-t `<var translate="no">timeout</var>                                      | Specify the timeout period in seconds. When not specified, the default value is 10 seconds.                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `--help`                                                                    | Print out help text for the`dumpsys`tool.                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `-l`                                                                        | Output a complete list of system services that you can use with`dumpsys`.                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `--skip `<var translate="no">services</var>                                 | Specify the<var translate="no">services</var>that you don't want to include in the output.                                                                                                                                                                            |
| <var translate="no">service</var>` [`<var translate="no">arguments</var>`]` | Specify the<var translate="no">service</var>that you want to output. Some services may let you pass optional<var translate="no">arguments</var>. To learn about these optional arguments, pass the`-h`option with the service: ``` adb shell dumpsys procstats -h ``` |
| `-c`                                                                        | When specifying certain services, append this option to output data in a machine-friendly format.                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `-h`                                                                        | For certain services, append this option to see help text and additional options for that service.                                                                                                                                                                    |

## Inspect input diagnostics

Specifying the`input`service, as shown in the following command, dumps the state of the system's input devices, such as keyboards and touchscreens, and the processing of input events.  

    adb shell dumpsys input

The output varies depending on the version of Android running on the connected device. The following sections describe the type of information you typically see.

### Event hub state

The following is a sample of what you might see when inspecting the**Event Hub State**of the input diagnostics:  

```
INPUT MANAGER (dumpsys input)

Event Hub State:
  BuiltInKeyboardId: -2
  Devices:
    -1: Virtual
      Classes: 0x40000023
      Path: 
      Descriptor: a718a782d34bc767f4689c232d64d527998ea7fd
      Location:
      ControllerNumber: 0
      UniqueId: 
      Identifier: bus=0x0000, vendor=0x0000, product=0x0000, version=0x0000
      KeyLayoutFile: /system/usr/keylayout/Generic.kl
      KeyCharacterMapFile: /system/usr/keychars/Virtual.kcm
      ConfigurationFile:
      HaveKeyboardLayoutOverlay: false
    1: msm8974-taiko-mtp-snd-card Headset Jack
      Classes: 0x00000080
      Path: /dev/input/event5
      Descriptor: c8e3782483b4837ead6602e20483c46ff801112c
      Location: ALSA
      ControllerNumber: 0
      UniqueId:
      Identifier: bus=0x0000, vendor=0x0000, product=0x0000, version=0x0000
      KeyLayoutFile:
      KeyCharacterMapFile:
      ConfigurationFile:
      HaveKeyboardLayoutOverlay: false
    2: msm8974-taiko-mtp-snd-card Button Jack
      Classes: 0x00000001
      Path: /dev/input/event4
      Descriptor: 96fe62b244c555351ec576b282232e787fb42bab
      Location: ALSA
      ControllerNumber: 0
      UniqueId:
      Identifier: bus=0x0000, vendor=0x0000, product=0x0000, version=0x0000
      KeyLayoutFile: /system/usr/keylayout/msm8974-taiko-mtp-snd-card_Button_Jack.kl
      KeyCharacterMapFile: /system/usr/keychars/msm8974-taiko-mtp-snd-card_Button_Jack.kcm
      ConfigurationFile:
      HaveKeyboardLayoutOverlay: false
    3: hs_detect
      Classes: 0x00000081
      Path: /dev/input/event3
      Descriptor: 485d69228e24f5e46da1598745890b214130dbc4
      Location:
      ControllerNumber: 0
      UniqueId:
      Identifier: bus=0x0000, vendor=0x0001, product=0x0001, version=0x0001
      KeyLayoutFile: /system/usr/keylayout/hs_detect.kl
      KeyCharacterMapFile: /system/usr/keychars/hs_detect.kcm
      ConfigurationFile:
      HaveKeyboardLayoutOverlay: false
...
```

### Input reader state

The`InputReader`is responsible for decoding input events from the kernel. Its state dump shows information about how each input device is configured and recent state changes that have occurred, such as key presses or touches on the touch screen.

The following sample shows the output for a touch screen. Note the information about the resolution of the device and the calibration parameters that were used.  

```
Input Reader State
...
  Device 6: Melfas MMSxxx Touchscreen
      IsExternal: false
      Sources: 0x00001002
      KeyboardType: 0
      Motion Ranges:
        X: source=0x00001002, min=0.000, max=719.001, flat=0.000, fuzz=0.999
        Y: source=0x00001002, min=0.000, max=1279.001, flat=0.000, fuzz=0.999
        PRESSURE: source=0x00001002, min=0.000, max=1.000, flat=0.000, fuzz=0.000
        SIZE: source=0x00001002, min=0.000, max=1.000, flat=0.000, fuzz=0.000
        TOUCH_MAJOR: source=0x00001002, min=0.000, max=1468.605, flat=0.000, fuzz=0.000
        TOUCH_MINOR: source=0x00001002, min=0.000, max=1468.605, flat=0.000, fuzz=0.000
        TOOL_MAJOR: source=0x00001002, min=0.000, max=1468.605, flat=0.000, fuzz=0.000
        TOOL_MINOR: source=0x00001002, min=0.000, max=1468.605, flat=0.000, fuzz=0.000
      Touch Input Mapper:
        Parameters:
          GestureMode: spots
          DeviceType: touchScreen
          AssociatedDisplay: id=0, isExternal=false
          OrientationAware: true
        Raw Touch Axes:
          X: min=0, max=720, flat=0, fuzz=0, resolution=0
          Y: min=0, max=1280, flat=0, fuzz=0, resolution=0
          Pressure: min=0, max=255, flat=0, fuzz=0, resolution=0
          TouchMajor: min=0, max=30, flat=0, fuzz=0, resolution=0
          TouchMinor: unknown range
          ToolMajor: unknown range
          ToolMinor: unknown range
          Orientation: unknown range
          Distance: unknown range
          TiltX: unknown range
          TiltY: unknown range
          TrackingId: min=0, max=65535, flat=0, fuzz=0, resolution=0
          Slot: min=0, max=9, flat=0, fuzz=0, resolution=0
        Calibration:
          touch.size.calibration: diameter
          touch.size.scale: 10.000
          touch.size.bias: 0.000
          touch.size.isSummed: false
          touch.pressure.calibration: amplitude
          touch.pressure.scale: 0.005
          touch.orientation.calibration: none
          touch.distance.calibration: none
        SurfaceWidth: 720px
        SurfaceHeight: 1280px
        SurfaceOrientation: 0
        Translation and Scaling Factors:
          XScale: 0.999
          YScale: 0.999
          XPrecision: 1.001
          YPrecision: 1.001
          GeometricScale: 0.999
          PressureScale: 0.005
          SizeScale: 0.033
          OrientationCenter: 0.000
          OrientationScale: 0.000
          DistanceScale: 0.000
          HaveTilt: false
          TiltXCenter: 0.000
          TiltXScale: 0.000
          TiltYCenter: 0.000
          TiltYScale: 0.000
        Last Button State: 0x00000000
        Last Raw Touch: pointerCount=0
        Last Cooked Touch: pointerCount=0
```

At the end of the input reader state dump, there is some information about global configuration parameters, such as the tap interval:  

```
Configuration:
  ExcludedDeviceNames: []
  VirtualKeyQuietTime: 0.0ms
  PointerVelocityControlParameters: scale=1.000, lowThreshold=500.000, highThreshold=3000.000, acceleration=3.000
  WheelVelocityControlParameters: scale=1.000, lowThreshold=15.000, highThreshold=50.000, acceleration=4.000
  PointerGesture:
    Enabled: true
    QuietInterval: 100.0ms
    DragMinSwitchSpeed: 50.0px/s
    TapInterval: 150.0ms
    TapDragInterval: 300.0ms
    TapSlop: 20.0px
    MultitouchSettleInterval: 100.0ms
    MultitouchMinDistance: 15.0px
    SwipeTransitionAngleCosine: 0.3
    SwipeMaxWidthRatio: 0.2
    MovementSpeedRatio: 0.8
    ZoomSpeedRatio: 0.3
```

### Input dispatcher state

The`InputDispatcher`is responsible for sending input events to applications. As shown in the following sample output, its state dump shows information about which window is being touched, the state of the input queue, whether an ANR is in progress, and other input event information:  

```
Input Dispatcher State:
  DispatchEnabled: 1
  DispatchFrozen: 0
  FocusedApplication: <null>
  FocusedWindow: name='Window{3fb06dc3 u0 StatusBar}'
  TouchStates: <no displays touched>
  Windows:
    0: name='Window{357bbbfe u0 SearchPanel}', displayId=0, paused=false, hasFocus=false, hasWallpaper=false, visible=false, canReceiveKeys=false, flags=0x01820100, type=0x000007e8, layer=211000, frame=[0,0][1080,1920], scale=1.000000, touchableRegion=[0,0][1080,1920], inputFeatures=0x00000000, ownerPid=22674, ownerUid=10020, dispatchingTimeout=5000.000ms
    1: name='Window{3b14c0ca u0 NavigationBar}', displayId=0, paused=false, hasFocus=false, hasWallpaper=false, visible=false, canReceiveKeys=false, flags=0x01840068, type=0x000007e3, layer=201000, frame=[0,1776][1080,1920], scale=1.000000, touchableRegion=[0,1776][1080,1920], inputFeatures=0x00000000, ownerPid=22674, ownerUid=10020, dispatchingTimeout=5000.000ms
    2: name='Window{2c7e849c u0 com.vito.lux}', displayId=0, paused=false, hasFocus=false, hasWallpaper=false, visible=true, canReceiveKeys=false, flags=0x0089031a, type=0x000007d6, layer=191000, frame=[-495,-147][1575,1923], scale=1.000000, touchableRegion=[-495,-147][1575,1923], inputFeatures=0x00000000, ownerPid=4697, ownerUid=10084, dispatchingTimeout=5000.000ms
    ...
  MonitoringChannels:
    0: 'WindowManager (server)'
  RecentQueue: length=10
    MotionEvent(deviceId=4, source=0x00001002, action=2, flags=0x00000000, metaState=0x00000000, buttonState=0x00000000, edgeFlags=0x00000000, xPrecision=1.0, yPrecision=1.0, displayId=0, pointers=[0: (335.0, 1465.0)]), policyFlags=0x62000000, age=217264.0ms
    MotionEvent(deviceId=4, source=0x00001002, action=1, flags=0x00000000, metaState=0x00000000, buttonState=0x00000000, edgeFlags=0x00000000, xPrecision=1.0, yPrecision=1.0, displayId=0, pointers=[0: (335.0, 1465.0)]), policyFlags=0x62000000, age=217255.7ms
    MotionEvent(deviceId=4, source=0x00001002, action=0, flags=0x00000000, metaState=0x00000000, buttonState=0x00000000, edgeFlags=0x00000000, xPrecision=1.0, yPrecision=1.0, displayId=0, pointers=[0: (330.0, 1283.0)]), policyFlags=0x62000000, age=216805.0ms
    ...
  PendingEvent: <none>
  InboundQueue: <empty>
  ReplacedKeys: <empty>
  Connections:
    0: channelName='WindowManager (server)', windowName='monitor', status=NORMAL, monitor=true, inputPublisherBlocked=false
      OutboundQueue: <empty>
      WaitQueue: <empty>
    1: channelName='278c1d65 KeyguardScrim (server)', windowName='Window{278c1d65 u0 KeyguardScrim}', status=NORMAL, monitor=false, inputPublisherBlocked=false
      OutboundQueue: <empty>
      WaitQueue: <empty>
    2: channelName='357bbbfe SearchPanel (server)', windowName='Window{357bbbfe u0 SearchPanel}', status=NORMAL, monitor=false, inputPublisherBlocked=false
      OutboundQueue: <empty>
      WaitQueue: <empty>
    ...
  AppSwitch: not pending
    7: channelName='2280455f com.google.android.gm/com.google.android.gm.ConversationListActivityGmail (server)', windowName='Window{2280455f u0 com.google.android.gm/com.google.android.gm.ConversationListActivityGmail}', status=NORMAL, monitor=false, inputPublisherBlocked=false
      OutboundQueue: <empty>
      WaitQueue: <empty>
    8: channelName='1a7be08a com.android.systemui/com.android.systemui.recents.RecentsActivity (server)', windowName='Window{1a7be08a u0 com.android.systemui/com.android.systemui.recents.RecentsActivity EXITING}', status=NORMAL, monitor=false, inputPublisherBlocked=false
      OutboundQueue: <empty>
      WaitQueue: <empty>
    9: channelName='3b14c0ca NavigationBar (server)', windowName='Window{3b14c0ca u0 NavigationBar}', status=NORMAL, monitor=false, inputPublisherBlocked=false
      OutboundQueue: <empty>
      WaitQueue: <empty>
    ...
  Configuration:
    KeyRepeatDelay: 50.0ms
    KeyRepeatTimeout: 500.0ms
```

### Things to check

The following is a list of things to consider when inspecting the output for the`input`service:

**Event hub state:**

- All the input devices you expect are present.
- Each input device has an appropriate key layout file, key character map file, and input device configuration file. If the files are missing or contain syntax errors, then they aren't loaded.
- Each input device is classified correctly. The bits in the`Classes`field correspond to flags in`EventHub.h`, such as`INPUT_DEVICE_CLASS_TOUCH_MT`.
- The`BuiltInKeyboardId`is correct. If the device does not have a built-in keyboard, then the ID must be`-2`. Otherwise, it should be the ID of the built-in keyboard.
  - If you observe that the`BuiltInKeyboardId`is not`-2`but it should be, then you are missing a key character map file for a special function keypad. Special function keypad devices should have key character map files that contain only the line`type SPECIAL_FUNCTION`.

<br />

**Input reader state:**

- All the expected input devices are present.
- Each input device is configured correctly. In particular, check that the touch screen and joystick axes are correct.

**Input dispatcher state:**

- All input events are processed as expected.
- After touching the touch screen and running`dumpsys`at the same time, the`TouchStates`line correctly identifies the window that you are touching.

## Test UI performance

Specifying the`gfxinfo`service provides output with performance information relating to frames of animation that occur during the recording phase. The following command uses`gfxinfo`to gather UI performance data for a specified package name:  

```
adb shell dumpsys gfxinfo package-name
```

You can also include the`framestats`option to provide even more detailed frame timing information from recent frames, so that you can track down and debug problems more accurately:  

```
adb shell dumpsys gfxinfo package-name framestats
```

To learn more about using`gfxinfo`and`framestats`to integrate UI performance measurements into your testing practices, see[Writing a Macrobenchmark](https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/benchmarking/macrobenchmark-overview).

## Inspect network diagnostics

Specifying the`netstats`service provides network usage statistics collected since the previous device booted up. To output additional information, such as detailed unique user ID (UID) information, include the`detail`option, as follows:  

    adb shell dumpsys netstats detail

The output varies depending on the version of Android running on the connected device. The following sections describe the type of information you typically see.

### Active interfaces and active UID interfaces

The following sample output lists the active interfaces and active UID interfaces of the connected device. In most cases, the information for active interfaces and active UID interfaces is the same.  

```
Active interfaces:
  iface=wlan0 ident=[{type=WIFI, subType=COMBINED, networkId="Guest"}]
Active UID interfaces:
  iface=wlan0 ident=[{type=WIFI, subType=COMBINED, networkId="Guest"}]
```

### 'Dev' and 'Xt' statistics

The following is a sample output for the Dev statistics section:  

```
Dev stats:
  Pending bytes: 1798112
  History since boot:
  ident=[{type=WIFI, subType=COMBINED, networkId="Guest", metered=false}] uid=-1 set=ALL tag=0x0
    NetworkStatsHistory: bucketDuration=3600
      st=1497891600 rb=1220280 rp=1573 tb=309870 tp=1271 op=0
      st=1497895200 rb=29733 rp=145 tb=85354 tp=185 op=0
      st=1497898800 rb=46784 rp=162 tb=42531 tp=192 op=0
      st=1497902400 rb=27570 rp=111 tb=35990 tp=121 op=0
Xt stats:
  Pending bytes: 1771782
  History since boot:
  ident=[{type=WIFI, subType=COMBINED, networkId="Guest", metered=false}] uid=-1 set=ALL tag=0x0
    NetworkStatsHistory: bucketDuration=3600
      st=1497891600 rb=1219598 rp=1557 tb=291628 tp=1255 op=0
      st=1497895200 rb=29623 rp=142 tb=82699 tp=182 op=0
      st=1497898800 rb=46684 rp=160 tb=39756 tp=191 op=0
      st=1497902400 rb=27528 rp=110 tb=34266 tp=120 op=0
```

### UID stats

The following is a sample of detailed statistics for each UID:  

```
UID stats:
  Pending bytes: 744
  Complete history:
  ident=[[type=MOBILE_SUPL, subType=COMBINED, subscriberId=311111...], [type=MOBILE, subType=COMBINED, subscriberId=311111...]] uid=10007  set=DEFAULT tag=0x0
    NetworkStatsHistory: bucketDuration=7200000
      bucketStart=1406167200000 activeTime=7200000 rxBytes=4666 rxPackets=7 txBytes=1597 txPackets=10 operations=0
  ident=[[type=WIFI, subType=COMBINED, networkId="MySSID"]] uid=10007  set=DEFAULT tag=0x0
    NetworkStatsHistory: bucketDuration=7200000
      bucketStart=1406138400000 activeTime=7200000 rxBytes=17086802 rxPackets=15387 txBytes=1214969 txPackets=8036 operations=28
      bucketStart=1406145600000 activeTime=7200000 rxBytes=2396424 rxPackets=2946 txBytes=464372 txPackets=2609 operations=70
      bucketStart=1406152800000 activeTime=7200000 rxBytes=200907 rxPackets=606 txBytes=187418 txPackets=739 operations=0
      bucketStart=1406160000000 activeTime=7200000 rxBytes=826017 rxPackets=1126 txBytes=267342 txPackets=1175 operations=35
```

To find the UID for your app, run this command:`adb shell dumpsys
package `<var translate="no">your-package-name</var>. Then look for the line labeled`userId`.

For example, to find network usage for the app 'com.example.myapp', run the following command:  

```
adb shell dumpsys package com.example.myapp | grep userId
```

The output should be similar to the following:  

```
    userId=10007 gids=[3003, 1028, 1015]
```

Using the preceding sample dump, look for lines that have`uid=10007`. Two such lines exist---the first indicates a mobile connection and the second indicates a Wi-Fi connection. Below each line, you can see the following information for each two-hour window, which`bucketDuration`specifies in milliseconds:

- `set=DEFAULT`indicates foreground network usage, while`set=BACKGROUND`indicates background usage.`set=ALL`implies both.
- `tag=0x0`indicates the socket tag associated with the traffic.
- `rxBytes`and`rxPackets`represent received bytes and received packets in the corresponding time interval.
- `txBytes`and`txPackets`represent sent (transmitted) bytes and sent packets in the corresponding time interval.

## Inspect battery diagnostics

Specifying the`batterystats`service generates statistical data about battery usage on a device, organized by unique user ID (UID). To learn how to use`dumpsys`to test your app for Doze and App Standby, see[Testing with Doze and App Standby](https://developer.android.com/training/monitoring-device-state/doze-standby#testing_doze_and_app_standby).

The command for`batterystats`is as follows:  

```
adb shell dumpsys batterystats options
```

To see a list of additional options available to`batterystats`, include the`-h`option. The following example outputs battery usage statistics for a specified app package since the device was last charged:  

```
adb shell dumpsys batterystats --charged package-name
```

The output typically includes the following:

- History of battery-related events
- Global statistics for the device
- Approximate power use per UID and system component
- Per-app mobile milliseconds per packet
- System UID aggregated statistics
- App UID aggregated statistics

To learn more about using`batterystats`and generating an HTML visualization of the output, which makes it easier to understand and diagnose battery-related issues, read[Profile battery usage with Batterystats and Battery Historian](https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/power/setup-battery-historian).

### Inspect machine-friendly output

You can generate`batterystats`output in machine-readable CSV format by using the following command:  

    adb shell dumpsys batterystats --checkin

The following is an example of the output:  

```
9,0,i,vers,11,116,K,L
9,0,i,uid,1000,android
9,0,i,uid,1000,com.android.providers.settings
9,0,i,uid,1000,com.android.inputdevices
9,0,i,uid,1000,com.android.server.telecom
...
9,0,i,dsd,1820451,97,s-,p-
9,0,i,dsd,3517481,98,s-,p-
9,0,l,bt,0,8548446,1000983,8566645,1019182,1418672206045,8541652,994188
9,0,l,gn,0,0,666932,495312,0,0,2104,1444
9,0,l,m,6794,0,8548446,8548446,0,0,0,666932,495312,0,697728,0,0,0,5797,0,0
...
```

Battery-usage observations may be per UID or system-level. Data is selected for inclusion based on its usefulness in analyzing battery performance. Each row represents an observation, with the following elements:

- A placeholder integer
- The user ID associated with the observation
- The aggregation mode:
  - `i`for information not tied to charged/uncharged status.
  - `l`for`--charged`(usage since last charge).
  - `u`for`--unplugged`(usage since last unplugged). Deprecated in Android 5.1.1.
- Section identifier, which determines how to interpret subsequent values in the line.

The following table describes the various section identifiers you may see:

**Table 2.**List of section identifiers

| Section identifier |         Description          |                                                                                                                                                                                               Remaining fields                                                                                                                                                                                               |
|--------------------|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `vers`             | Version                      | `checkin version`,`parcel version`,`start platform version`,`end platform version`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `uid`              | UID                          | `uid`,`package name`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `apk`              | APK                          | `wakeups`,`APK`,`service`,`start time`,`starts`,`launches`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `pr`               | Process                      | `process`,`user`,`system`,`foreground`,`starts`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| `sr`               | Sensor                       | `sensor number`,`time`,`count`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `vib`              | Vibrator                     | `time`,`count`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `fg`               | Foreground                   | `time`,`count`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `st`               | State Time                   | `foreground`,`active`,`running`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| `wl`               | Wake lock                    | `wake lock`,`full time`,`f`,`full count`,`partial time`,`p`,`partial count`,`window time`,`w`,`window count`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `sy`               | Sync                         | `sync`,`time`,`count`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `jb`               | Job                          | `job`,`time`,`count`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `kwl`              | Kernel Wake Lock             | `kernel wake lock`,`time`,`count`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `wr`               | Wakeup Reason                | `wakeup reason`,`time`,`count`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `nt`               | Network                      | `mobile bytes RX`,`mobile bytes TX`,`Wi-Fi bytes RX`,`Wi-Fi bytes TX`,`mobile packets RX`,`mobile packets TX`,`Wi-Fi packets RX`,`Wi-Fi packets TX`,`mobile active time`,`mobile active count`                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `ua`               | User Activity                | `other`,`button`,`touch`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `bt`               | Battery                      | `start count`,`battery realtime`,`battery uptime`,`total realtime`,`total uptime`,`start clock time`,`battery screen off realtime`,`battery screen off uptime`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `dc`               | Battery Discharge            | `low`,`high`,`screen on`,`screen off`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `lv`               | Battery Level                | `start level`,`current level`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `wfl`              | Wi-Fi                        | `full Wi-Fi lock on time`,`Wi-Fi scan time`,`Wi-Fi running time`,`Wi-Fi scan count`,`Wi-Fi idle time`,`Wi-Fi receive time`,`Wi-Fi transmit time`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `gwfl`             | Global Wi-Fi                 | `Wi-Fi on time`,`Wi-Fi running time`,`Wi-Fi idle time`,`Wi-Fi receive time`,`Wi-Fi transmit time`,`Wi-Fi power (mAh)`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `gble`             | Global Bluetooth             | `BT idle time`,`BT receive time`,`BT transmit time`,`BT power (mAh)`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `m`                | Misc                         | `screen on time`,`phone on time`,`full wakelock time total`,`partial wakelock time total`,`mobile radio active time`,`mobile radio active adjusted time`,`interactive time`,`power save mode enabled time`,`connectivity changes`,`device idle mode enabled time`,`device idle mode enabled count`,`device idling time`,`device idling count`,`mobile radio active count`,`mobile radio active unknown time` |
| `gn`               | Global Network               | `mobile RX total bytes`,`mobile TX total bytes`,`Wi-Fi RX total bytes`,`Wi-Fi TX total bytes`,`mobile RX total packets`,`mobile TX total packets`,`Wi-Fi RX total packets`,`Wi-Fi TX total packets`                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `br`               | Screen Brightness            | `dark`,`dim`,`medium`,`light`,`bright`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `sst`              | Signal Scanning Time         | `signal scanning time`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `sgt`              | Signal Strength Time         | `none`,`poor`,`moderate`,`good`,`great`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `sgc`              | Signal Strength Count        | `none`,`poor`,`moderate`,`good`,`great`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `dct`              | Data Connection Time         | `none`,`GPRS`,`EDGE`,`UMTS`,`CDMA`,`EVDO_0`,`EVDO_A`,`1xRTT`,`HSDPA`,`HSUPA`,`HSPA`,`IDEN`,`EVDO_B`,`LTE`,`EHRPD`,`HSPAP``, ``other`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `dcc`              | Data Connection Count        | `none`,`GPRS`,`EDGE`,`UMTS`,`CDMA`,`EVDO_0`,`EVDO_A`,`1xRTT`,`HSDPA`,`HSUPA`,`HSPA`,`IDEN`,`EVDO_B`,`LTE`,`EHRPD`,`HSPAP`,`other`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `wst`              | Wi-Fi State Time             | `off`,`off scanning`,`on no networks`,`on disconnected`,`on connected STA`,`on connected P2P`,`on connected STA P2P`,`soft AP`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `wsc`              | Wi-Fi State Count            | `off`,`off scanning`,`on no networks`,`on disconnected`,`on connected STA`,`on connected P2P`,`on connected STA P2P`,`soft AP`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `wsst`/p\>         | Wi-Fi Supplicant State Time  | `invalid`,`disconnected`,`interface disabled`,`inactive`,`scanning`,`authenticating`,`associating`,`associated`,`four-way handshake`,`group handshake`,`completed`,`dormant`,`uninitialized`                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `wssc`             | Wi-Fi Supplicant State Count | `invalid`,`disconnected`,`interface disabled`,`inactive`,`scanning`,`authenticating`,`associating`,`associated`,`four-way handshake`,`group handshake`,`completed`,`dormant`,`uninitialized`                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `wsgt`             | Wi-Fi Signal Strength Time   | `none`,`poor`,`moderate`,`good`,`great`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `wsgc`             | Wi-Fi Signal Strength Count  | `none`,`poor`,`moderate`,`good`,`great`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `bst`              | Bluetooth State Time         | `inactive`,`low`,`med`,`high`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `bsc`              | Bluetooth State Count        | `inactive`,`low`,`med`,`high`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `pws`              | Power Use Summary            | `battery capacity`,`computed power`,`minimum drained power`,`maximum drained power`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `pwi`              | Power Use Item               | `label`,`mAh`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `dsd`              | Discharge Step               | `duration`,`level`,`screen`,`power-save`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `csd`              | Charge Step                  | `duration`,`level`,`screen`,`power-save`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `dtr`              | Discharge Time Remaining     | `battery time remaining`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `ctr`              | Charge Time Remaining        | `charge time remaining`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |

**Note** : Prior to Android 6.0, power use for Bluetooth radio, cellular radio, and Wi-Fi was tracked in the`m`(Misc) section category. In Android 6.0 and higher, power use for these components is tracked in the`pwi`(Power Use Item) section with individual labels (`wifi`,`blue`,`cell`) for each component.

## View memory allocations

You can inspect your app's memory usage in one of two ways: over a period of time using`procstats`or at a particular point in time using`meminfo`. The following sections show you how to use both methods.

### procstats

`procstats`makes it possible to see how your app behaves over time, including how long it runs in the background and how much memory it uses during that time. It helps you quickly find inefficiencies and misbehaviors in your app, such as memory leaks, that can affect how it performs, especially when running on low-memory devices. Its state dump displays statistics about every application's runtime, proportional set size (PSS), unique set size (USS), and resident set size (RSS).

To get application memory usage stats over the last three hours, in human-readable format, run the following command:  

```
adb shell dumpsys procstats --hours 3
```

As shown in the following example, the output displays what percentage of time the application was running and the PSS, USS, and RSS as`minPSS-avgPSS-maxPSS/minUSS-avgUSS-maxUSS/minRSS-avgRSS-maxRSS`over the number of samples.  

```
AGGREGATED OVER LAST 3 HOURS:
  * com.android.systemui / u0a37 / v28:
           TOTAL: 100% (15MB-16MB-17MB/7.7MB-8.7MB-9.4MB/7.7MB-9.6MB-84MB over 178)
      Persistent: 100% (15MB-16MB-17MB/7.7MB-8.7MB-9.4MB/7.7MB-9.6MB-84MB over 178)
  * com.android.se / 1068 / v28:
           TOTAL: 100% (2.8MB-2.9MB-2.9MB/300KB-301KB-304KB/304KB-22MB-33MB over 3)
      Persistent: 100% (2.8MB-2.9MB-2.9MB/300KB-301KB-304KB/304KB-22MB-33MB over 3)
  * com.google.android.gms.persistent / u0a7 / v19056073:
           TOTAL: 100% (37MB-38MB-40MB/27MB-28MB-29MB/124MB-125MB-126MB over 2)
          Imp Fg: 100% (37MB-38MB-40MB/27MB-28MB-29MB/124MB-125MB-126MB over 2)
  ...
  * com.android.gallery3d / u0a62 / v40030:
           TOTAL: 0.01%
        Receiver: 0.01%
        (Cached): 54% (6.4MB-6.5MB-6.9MB/4.4MB-4.4MB-4.4MB/4.4MB-26MB-68MB over 6)
  * com.google.android.tvlauncher / u0a30 / v1010900130:
           TOTAL: 0.01%
        Receiver: 0.01%
        (Cached): 91% (5.8MB-13MB-14MB/3.5MB-10MB-12MB/12MB-33MB-78MB over 6)
  * com.android.vending:instant_app_installer / u0a16 / v81633968:
           TOTAL: 0.01%
        Receiver: 0.01%
        (Cached): 100% (14MB-15MB-16MB/3.8MB-4.2MB-5.1MB/3.8MB-30MB-95MB over 7)
  ...
Run time Stats:
  SOff/Norm: +32m52s226ms
  SOn /Norm: +2h10m8s364ms
       Mod : +17s930ms
      TOTAL: +2h43m18s520ms

Memory usage:
  Kernel : 265MB (38 samples)
  Native : 73MB (38 samples)
  Persist: 262MB (90 samples)
  Top    : 190MB (325 samples)
  ImpFg  : 204MB (569 samples)
  ImpBg  : 754KB (345 samples)
  Service: 93MB (1912 samples)
  Receivr: 227KB (1169 samples)
  Home   : 66MB (12 samples)
  LastAct: 30MB (255 samples)
  CchAct : 220MB (450 samples)
  CchCAct: 193MB (71 samples)
  CchEmty: 182MB (652 samples)
  Cached : 58MB (38 samples)
  Free   : 60MB (38 samples)
  TOTAL  : 1.9GB
  ServRst: 50KB (278 samples)

          Start time: 2015-04-08 13:44:18
  Total elapsed time: +2h43m18s521ms (partial) libart.so
```

### meminfo

You can record a snapshot of how your app's memory is divided between different types of RAM allocation with the following command:  

```
adb shell dumpsys meminfo [-d] package_name|pid
```

The`-d`flag prints more info related to Dalvik and ART memory usage. The`-h`flag prints all supported flags.

The output lists all of your app's current allocations, measured in kilobytes.

When inspecting this information, you should be familiar with the following types of allocation:

Private (Clean and Dirty) RAM
:   This is memory that is being used by only your process. This is the bulk of the RAM that the system can reclaim when your app's process is destroyed. Generally, the most important portion of this is*private dirty*RAM, which is the most expensive because it is used by only your process and because its contents exist only in RAM, so can't be paged to storage, because Android does't use swap. All Dalvik and native heap allocations you make are private dirty RAM. Dalvik and native allocations you share with the Zygote process are shared dirty RAM.

Proportional Set Size (PSS)
:   This is a measurement of your app's RAM use that takes into account sharing pages across processes. Any RAM pages that are unique to your process directly contribute to its PSS value, while pages that are shared with other processes contribute to the PSS value only in proportion to the amount of sharing. For example, a page shared between two processes contributes half of its size to the PSS of each process.

A characteristic of the PSS measurement is that you can add up the PSS across all processes to determine the actual memory being used by all processes. This means PSS is a good measure for the actual RAM weight of a process and for comparison against the RAM use of other processes and the total available RAM.

For example, the following is the output for Map's process on a Nexus 5 device:

`adb shell dumpsys meminfo -d com.google.android.apps.maps`

**Note:**The information you see might vary slightly from what is shown here, because some details of the output differ across platform versions.  

```
** MEMINFO in pid 18227 [com.google.android.apps.maps] **
                   Pss  Private  Private  Swapped     Heap     Heap     Heap
                 Total    Dirty    Clean    Dirty     Size    Alloc     Free
                ------   ------   ------   ------   ------   ------   ------
  Native Heap    10468    10408        0        0    20480    14462     6017
  Dalvik Heap    34340    33816        0        0    62436    53883     8553
 Dalvik Other      972      972        0        0
        Stack     1144     1144        0        0
      Gfx dev    35300    35300        0        0
    Other dev        5        0        4        0
     .so mmap     1943      504      188        0
    .apk mmap      598        0      136        0
    .ttf mmap      134        0       68        0
    .dex mmap     3908        0     3904        0
    .oat mmap     1344        0       56        0
    .art mmap     2037     1784       28        0
   Other mmap       30        4        0        0
   EGL mtrack    73072    73072        0        0
    GL mtrack    51044    51044        0        0
      Unknown      185      184        0        0
        TOTAL   216524   208232     4384        0    82916    68345    14570

 Dalvik Details
        .Heap     6568     6568        0        0
         .LOS    24771    24404        0        0
          .GC      500      500        0        0
    .JITCache      428      428        0        0
      .Zygote     1093      936        0        0
   .NonMoving     1908     1908        0        0
 .IndirectRef       44       44        0        0

 Objects
               Views:       90         ViewRootImpl:        1
         AppContexts:        4           Activities:        1
              Assets:        2        AssetManagers:        2
       Local Binders:       21        Proxy Binders:       28
       Parcel memory:       18         Parcel count:       74
    Death Recipients:        2      OpenSSL Sockets:        2
```

Here is an older`dumpsys`on Dalvik of the Gmail app:  

```
** MEMINFO in pid 9953 [com.google.android.gm] **
                 Pss     Pss  Shared Private  Shared Private    Heap    Heap    Heap
               Total   Clean   Dirty   Dirty   Clean   Clean    Size   Alloc    Free
              ------  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------
  Native Heap      0       0       0       0       0       0    7800    7637(6)  126
  Dalvik Heap   5110(3)    0    4136    4988(3)    0       0    9168    8958(6)  210
 Dalvik Other   2850       0    2684    2772       0       0
        Stack     36       0       8      36       0       0
       Cursor    136       0       0     136       0       0
       Ashmem     12       0      28       0       0       0
    Other dev    380       0      24     376       0       4
     .so mmap   5443(5) 1996    2584    2664(5) 5788    1996(5)
    .apk mmap    235      32       0       0    1252      32
    .ttf mmap     36      12       0       0      88      12
    .dex mmap   3019(5) 2148       0       0    8936    2148(5)
   Other mmap    107       0       8       8     324      68
      Unknown   6994(4)    0     252    6992(4)    0       0
        TOTAL  24358(1) 4188    9724   17972(2)16388    4260(2)16968   16595     336

 Objects
               Views:    426         ViewRootImpl:        3(8)
         AppContexts:      6(7)        Activities:        2(7)
              Assets:      2        AssetManagers:        2
       Local Binders:     64        Proxy Binders:       34
    Death Recipients:      0
     OpenSSL Sockets:      1

 SQL
         MEMORY_USED:   1739
  PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW:   1164          MALLOC_SIZE:       62
```

In general, be concerned with only the`Pss Total`and`Private Dirty`columns. In some cases, the`Private Clean`and`Heap Alloc`columns also provide interesting data.

The following provides more information about the different memory allocations you should observe:

`Dalvik Heap`
:   The RAM used by Dalvik allocations in your app. The`Pss Total`includes all Zygote allocations, weighted by their sharing across processes, as described in the PSS definition. The`Private Dirty`number is the actual RAM committed to only your app's heap, composed of your own allocations and any Zygote allocation pages that have been modified since forking your app's process from Zygote.

    **Note:** On newer platform versions that have the`Dalvik Other`section, the`Pss Total`and`Private
    Dirty`numbers for Dalvik Heap don't include Dalvik overhead, such as the just-in-time compilation (JIT) and GC bookkeeping, whereas older versions list it all combined under`Dalvik`.

    The`Heap Alloc`is the amount of memory that the Dalvik and native heap allocators keep track of for your app. This value is larger than`Pss Total`and`Private Dirty`because your process was forked from Zygote and includes allocations that your process shares with all the others.

`.so mmap`and`.dex mmap`
:   The RAM being used for mapped`.so`(native) and`.dex`(Dalvik or ART) code. The`Pss Total`number includes platform code shared across apps.`Private Clean`is your app's own code. Generally, the actual mapped size is larger. The RAM here is only what currently needs to be in RAM for code that has been executed by the app. However, the`.so mmap`has a large private dirty, which is due to fix-ups to the native code when it was loaded into its final address.

`.oat mmap`
:   This is the amount of RAM used by the code image. It's based on the preloaded classes commonly used by multiple apps. This image is shared across all apps and is unaffected by particular apps.

`.art mmap`
:   This is the amount of RAM used by the heap image. It's based on the preloaded classes commonly used by multiple apps. This image is shared across all apps and is unaffected by particular apps. Even though the ART image contains[Object](https://developer.android.com/reference/java/lang/Object)instances, it doesn't count towards your heap size.

`.Heap`(only with`-d`flag)
:   This is the amount of heap memory for your app. This excludes objects in the image and large object spaces, but includes the Zygote space and non-moving space.

`.LOS`(only with`-d`flag)
:   This is the amount of RAM used by the ART large object space. This includes Zygote large objects. Large objects are all primitive array allocations larger than 12KB.

`.GC`(only with`-d`flag)
:   This is the overhead cost for garbage collection. There is no way to reduce this overhead.

`.JITCache`(only with`-d`flag)
:   This is the amount of memory used by the JIT data and code caches. Typically, this is zero, since all apps are compiled at install time.

`.Zygote`(only with`-d`flag)
:   This is the amount of memory used by the Zygote space. The Zygote space is created during device startup and is never allocated.

`.NonMoving`(only with`-d`flag)
:   This is the amount of RAM used by the ART non-moving space. The non-moving space contains special non-movable objects such as fields and methods. You can reduce this section by using fewer fields and methods in your app.

`.IndirectRef`(only with`-d`flag)
:   This is the amount of RAM used by the ART indirect reference tables. Usually this amount is small, but if it is too high, you might be able to reduce it by reducing the number of local and global JNI references used.

`Unknown`
:   Any RAM pages that the system couldn't classify into one of the other more specific items. Currently, this contains mostly native allocations, which can't be identified by the tool when collecting this data due to Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR). Like the Dalvik heap, the`Pss Total`for`Unknown`takes into account sharing with Zygote, and`Private Dirty`is unknown RAM dedicated to only your app.

`TOTAL`

:   The total Proportional Set Size (PSS) RAM used by your process. This is the sum of all PSS fields above it. It indicates the overall memory weight of your process, which can be directly compared with other processes and the total available RAM.<br />

    `Private Dirty`and`Private Clean`are the total allocations within your process, which are not shared with other processes. When your process is destroyed, all the RAM from these allocations is released back to the system.`Private Clean`can also be paged out and released prior to your process being destroyed, but`Private Dirty`is only released on process destruction.

    Dirty RAM is pages that have been modified and so must stay committed to RAM because there is no swap. Clean RAM is pages that have been mapped from a persistent file, such as code being executed, and can be paged out if not used for a while.

`ViewRootImpl`
:   The number of root views that are active in your process. Each root view is associated with a window, so this can help you identify memory leaks involving dialogs or other windows.

`AppContexts`and`Activities`
:   The number of app`
    `[Context](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Context)and[Activity](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity)objects that currently live in your process. This can help you to quickly identify leaked`Activity`objects that can't be garbage collected due to static references on them, which is common. These objects often have many other allocations associated with them, which makes them a good way to track large memory leaks.
| **Note:** A[View](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/View)or`
| `[Drawable](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/graphics/drawable/Drawable)object also holds a reference to the`
| `[Activity](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity)that it's from, so holding a`View`or`Drawable`object can also lead to your app leaking an`Activity`.